ObjFW  Documentation

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015
 *   Jonathan Schleifer <js@webkeks.org>
 *
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This file is part of ObjFW. It may be distributed under the terms of the
 * Q Public License 1.0, which can be found in the file LICENSE.QPL included in
 * the packaging of this file.
 *
 * Alternatively, it may be distributed under the terms of the GNU General
 * Public License, either version 2 or 3, which can be found in the file
 * LICENSE.GPLv2 or LICENSE.GPLv3 respectively included in the packaging of this
 * file.
 */

#include "config.h"

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#ifdef HAVE_SEH_EXCEPTIONS
# include <windows.h>
#endif

#import "runtime.h"

#if defined(HAVE_DWARF_EXCEPTIONS)
# define PERSONALITY __gnu_objc_personality_v0
#elif defined(HAVE_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS)
# define PERSONALITY __gnu_objc_personality_sj0
# define _Unwind_RaiseException _Unwind_SjLj_RaiseException
# define __builtin_eh_return_data_regno(i) (i)
#elif defined(HAVE_SEH_EXCEPTIONS)
# define PERSONALITY gnu_objc_personality
#else
# error Unknown exception type!
#endif

static const uint64_t objc_exception_class = 0x474E55434F424A43; /* GNUCOBJC */

#define _UA_SEARCH_PHASE  0x01
#define _UA_CLEANUP_PHASE 0x02
#define _UA_HANDLER_FRAME 0x04
#define _UA_FORCE_UNWIND  0x08

#define DW_EH_PE_absptr	  0x00

#define DW_EH_PE_uleb128  0x01
#define DW_EH_PE_udata2	  0x02
#define DW_EH_PE_udata4	  0x03
#define DW_EH_PE_udata8	  0x04

#define DW_EH_PE_signed	  0x08
#define DW_EH_PE_sleb128  (DW_EH_PE_signed | DW_EH_PE_uleb128)
#define DW_EH_PE_sdata2	  (DW_EH_PE_signed | DW_EH_PE_udata2)
#define DW_EH_PE_sdata4	  (DW_EH_PE_signed | DW_EH_PE_udata4)
#define DW_EH_PE_sdata8	  (DW_EH_PE_signed | DW_EH_PE_udata8)

#define DW_EH_PE_pcrel	  0x10
#define DW_EH_PE_textrel  0x20
#define DW_EH_PE_datarel  0x30
#define DW_EH_PE_funcrel  0x40
#define DW_EH_PE_aligned  0x50

#define DW_EH_PE_indirect 0x80

#define DW_EH_PE_omit	  0xFF

#define CLEANUP_FOUND	  0x01
#define HANDLER_FOUND	  0x02

struct _Unwind_Context;

typedef enum {
	_URC_OK			= 0,
	_URC_FATAL_PHASE1_ERROR	= 3,
	_URC_END_OF_STACK	= 5,
	_URC_HANDLER_FOUND	= 6,
	_URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT	= 7,
	_URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND	= 8,
	_URC_FAILURE		= 9
} _Unwind_Reason_Code;

struct objc_exception {
	struct _Unwind_Exception {
		uint64_t class;
		void (*cleanup)(_Unwind_Reason_Code, struct _Unwind_Exception*);
#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__ARM__)
		/* From "Exception Handling ABI for the ARM(R) Architecture" */
		struct {
			uint32_t reserved1, reserved2, reserved3, reserved4;
			uint32_t reserved;
		} unwinder_cache;
		struct {
			uint32_t sp;
			uint32_t bitpattern[5];
		} barrier_cache;
		struct {
			uint32_t bitpattern[4];
		} cleanup_cache;
		struct {
			uint32_t fnstart;
			uint32_t *ehtp;
			uint32_t additional;
			uint32_t reserved1;
		} pr_cache;
		long long int : 0;
#else
# ifdef HAVE_SEH_EXCEPTIONS
		uint64_t private[6];
# else
		/*
		 * The Itanium Exception ABI says to have those and never touch
		 * them.
		 */
		uint64_t private1, private2;
# endif
#endif
	} exception;
	id object;
#if !defined(__arm__) && !defined(__ARM__)
	uintptr_t landingpad;
	intptr_t filter;
#endif
};

struct lsda {
	uintptr_t region_start, landingpads_start;
	uint8_t typestable_enc;
	const uint8_t *typestable;
	uintptr_t typestable_base;
	uint8_t callsites_enc;
	const uint8_t *callsites, *actiontable;
};

extern _Unwind_Reason_Code _Unwind_RaiseException(struct _Unwind_Exception*);
extern void _Unwind_DeleteException(struct _Unwind_Exception*);
extern void* _Unwind_GetLanguageSpecificData(struct _Unwind_Context*);
extern uintptr_t _Unwind_GetRegionStart(struct _Unwind_Context*);
extern uintptr_t _Unwind_GetDataRelBase(struct _Unwind_Context*);
extern uintptr_t _Unwind_GetTextRelBase(struct _Unwind_Context*);

#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__ARM__)
extern _Unwind_Reason_Code __gnu_unwind_frame(struct _Unwind_Exception*,
    struct _Unwind_Context*);
extern int _Unwind_VRS_Get(struct _Unwind_Context*, int, uint32_t, int, void*);
extern int _Unwind_VRS_Set(struct _Unwind_Context*, int, uint32_t, int, void*);

# define CONTINUE_UNWIND					\
	{							\
		if (__gnu_unwind_frame(ex, ctx) != _URC_OK)	\
			return _URC_FAILURE;			\
								\
		return _URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND;			\
	}

static inline uintptr_t
_Unwind_GetGR(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx, int regno)
{
	uintptr_t value;
	_Unwind_VRS_Get(ctx, 0, regno, 0, &value);
	return value;
}

static inline uintptr_t
_Unwind_GetIP(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx)
{
	return _Unwind_GetGR(ctx, 15) & ~1;
}

static inline void
_Unwind_SetGR(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx, int regno, uintptr_t value)
{
	_Unwind_VRS_Set(ctx, 0, regno, 0, &value);
}

static inline void
_Unwind_SetIP(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx, uintptr_t value)
{
	uintptr_t thumb = _Unwind_GetGR(ctx, 15) & 1;
	_Unwind_SetGR(ctx, 15, (value | thumb));
}
#else
# define CONTINUE_UNWIND return _URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND

extern uintptr_t _Unwind_GetIP(struct _Unwind_Context*);
extern void _Unwind_SetIP(struct _Unwind_Context*, uintptr_t);
extern void _Unwind_SetGR(struct _Unwind_Context*, int, uintptr_t);
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SEH_EXCEPTIONS
extern EXCEPTION_DISPOSITION _GCC_specific_handler(PEXCEPTION_RECORD, void*,
    PCONTEXT, PDISPATCHER_CONTEXT, _Unwind_Reason_Code(*)(int, int, uint64_t,
    struct _Unwind_Exception*, struct _Unwind_Context*));
#endif

static objc_uncaught_exception_handler uncaught_exception_handler;

static uint64_t
read_uleb128(const uint8_t **ptr)
{
	uint64_t value = 0;
	uint8_t shift = 0;

	do {
		value |= (**ptr & 0x7F) << shift;
		(*ptr)++;
		shift += 7;
	} while (*(*ptr - 1) & 0x80);

	return value;
}

static int64_t
read_sleb128(const uint8_t **ptr)
{
	const uint8_t *oldptr = *ptr;
	uint8_t bits;
	int64_t value;

	value = read_uleb128(ptr);
	bits = (*ptr - oldptr) * 7;

	if (bits < 64 && value & (1 << (bits - 1)))
		value |= -(1 << bits);

	return value;
}

static uintptr_t
get_base(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx, uint8_t enc)
{
	if (enc == DW_EH_PE_omit)
		return 0;

	switch (enc & 0x70) {
	case DW_EH_PE_absptr:
	case DW_EH_PE_pcrel:
	case DW_EH_PE_aligned:
		return 0;
	case DW_EH_PE_funcrel:
		return _Unwind_GetRegionStart(ctx);
	case DW_EH_PE_datarel:
		return _Unwind_GetDataRelBase(ctx);
	case DW_EH_PE_textrel:
		return _Unwind_GetTextRelBase(ctx);
	}

	abort();
}

static size_t
size_for_encoding(uint8_t enc)
{
	if (enc == DW_EH_PE_omit)
		return 0;

	switch (enc & 0x07) {
	case DW_EH_PE_absptr:
		return sizeof(void*);
	case DW_EH_PE_udata2:
		return 2;
	case DW_EH_PE_udata4:
		return 4;
	case DW_EH_PE_udata8:
		return 8;
	}

	abort();
}

static uint64_t
read_value(uint8_t enc, const uint8_t **ptr)
{
	uint64_t value;

	if (enc == DW_EH_PE_aligned)
		/* Not implemented */
		abort();

#define READ(type)				\
	{					\
		value = *(type*)(void*)*ptr;	\
		*ptr += size_for_encoding(enc);	\
		break;				\
	}
	switch (enc & 0x0F) {
	case DW_EH_PE_absptr:
		READ(uintptr_t)
	case DW_EH_PE_uleb128:
		value = read_uleb128(ptr);
		break;
	case DW_EH_PE_udata2:
		READ(uint16_t)
	case DW_EH_PE_udata4:
		READ(uint32_t)
	case DW_EH_PE_udata8:
		READ(uint64_t)
	case DW_EH_PE_sleb128:
		value = read_sleb128(ptr);
		break;
	case DW_EH_PE_sdata2:
		READ(int16_t)
	case DW_EH_PE_sdata4:
		READ(int32_t)
	case DW_EH_PE_sdata8:
		READ(int64_t)
	default:
		abort();
	}
#undef READ

	return value;
}

#if !defined(__arm__) && !defined(__ARM__)
static uint64_t
resolve_value(uint64_t value, uint8_t enc, const uint8_t *start, uint64_t base)
{
	if (value == 0)
		return 0;

	value += ((enc & 0x70) == DW_EH_PE_pcrel ? (uintptr_t)start : base);

	if (enc & DW_EH_PE_indirect)
		value = *(uintptr_t*)(uintptr_t)value;

	return value;
}
#endif

static void
read_lsda(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx, const uint8_t *ptr, struct lsda *lsda)
{
	uint8_t landingpads_start_enc;
	uintptr_t callsites_size;

	lsda->region_start = _Unwind_GetRegionStart(ctx);
	lsda->landingpads_start = lsda->region_start;
	lsda->typestable = NULL;

	if ((landingpads_start_enc = *ptr++) != DW_EH_PE_omit)
		lsda->landingpads_start =
		    (uintptr_t)read_value(landingpads_start_enc, &ptr);

	if ((lsda->typestable_enc = *ptr++) != DW_EH_PE_omit) {
		uintptr_t tmp = (uintptr_t)read_uleb128(&ptr);
		lsda->typestable = ptr + tmp;
	}

	lsda->typestable_base = get_base(ctx, lsda->typestable_enc);

	lsda->callsites_enc = *ptr++;
	callsites_size = (uintptr_t)read_uleb128(&ptr);
	lsda->callsites = ptr;

	lsda->actiontable = lsda->callsites + callsites_size;
}

static bool
find_callsite(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx, struct lsda *lsda,
    uintptr_t *landingpad, const uint8_t **actionrecords)
{
	uintptr_t ip = _Unwind_GetIP(ctx);
	const uint8_t *ptr = lsda->callsites;

	*landingpad = 0;
	*actionrecords = NULL;

#ifndef HAVE_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS
	while (ptr < lsda->actiontable) {
		uintptr_t callsite_start, callsite_len, callsite_landingpad;
		uintptr_t callsite_action;

		callsite_start = lsda->region_start +
		    (uintptr_t)read_value(lsda->callsites_enc, &ptr);
		callsite_len = (uintptr_t)read_value(lsda->callsites_enc, &ptr);
		callsite_landingpad =
		    (uintptr_t)read_value(lsda->callsites_enc, &ptr);
		callsite_action = (uintptr_t)read_uleb128(&ptr);

		/* We can stop if we passed IP, as the table is sorted */
		if (callsite_start >= ip)
			break;

		if (callsite_start + callsite_len >= ip) {
			if (callsite_landingpad != 0)
				*landingpad = lsda->landingpads_start +
				    callsite_landingpad;
			if (callsite_action != 0)
				*actionrecords = lsda->actiontable +
				    callsite_action - 1;

			return true;
		}
	}

	return false;
#else
	uintptr_t callsite_landingpad, callsite_action;

	if ((uintptr_t)ip < 1)
		return false;

	do {
		callsite_landingpad = (uintptr_t)read_uleb128(&ptr);
		callsite_action = (uintptr_t)read_uleb128(&ptr);
	} while (--ip > 1);

	*landingpad = callsite_landingpad + 1;
	if (callsite_action != 0)
		*actionrecords = lsda->actiontable + callsite_action - 1;

	return true;
#endif
}

static bool
class_matches(Class class, id object)
{
	Class iter;

	if (class == Nil)
		return true;

	if (object == nil)
		return false;

	for (iter = object_getClass(object); iter != Nil;
	    iter = class_getSuperclass(iter))
		if (iter == class)
			return true;

	return false;
}

static uint8_t
find_actionrecord(const uint8_t *actionrecords, struct lsda *lsda, int actions,
    bool foreign, struct objc_exception *e, intptr_t *filtervalue)
{
	const uint8_t *ptr;
	intptr_t filter, displacement;

	do {
		ptr = actionrecords;
		filter = (intptr_t)read_sleb128(&ptr);

		/*
		 * Get the next action record. Since read_sleb128 modifies ptr,
		 * we first set the actionrecord to the current ptr and then
		 * add the displacement.
		 */
		actionrecords = ptr;
		displacement = (intptr_t)read_sleb128(&ptr);
		actionrecords += displacement;

		if (filter > 0 && !(actions & _UA_FORCE_UNWIND) && !foreign) {
			Class class;
			const char *className;
			uintptr_t c;
			const uint8_t *tmp;

#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__ARM__)
			tmp = lsda->typestable - (filter * 4);
			c = *(uintptr_t*)(void*)tmp;

			if (c != 0) {
				c += (uintptr_t)tmp;
# if defined(__linux__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
				c = *(uintptr_t*)c;
# endif
			}
#else
			uintptr_t i;

			i = filter * size_for_encoding(lsda->typestable_enc);
			tmp = lsda->typestable - i;
			c = (uintptr_t)read_value(lsda->typestable_enc, &tmp);
			c = (uintptr_t)resolve_value(c, lsda->typestable_enc,
			    lsda->typestable - i, lsda->typestable_base);
#endif

			className = (const char*)c;

			if (className != NULL && *className != '\0' &&
			    strcmp(className, "@id") != 0)
				class = objc_getRequiredClass(className);
			else
				class = Nil;

			if (class_matches(class, e->object)) {
				*filtervalue = filter;
				return HANDLER_FOUND;
			}
		} else if (filter == 0)
			return CLEANUP_FOUND;
		else
			abort();
	} while (displacement != 0);

	return 0;
}

#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__ARM__)
_Unwind_Reason_Code
PERSONALITY(uint32_t state, struct _Unwind_Exception *ex,
    struct _Unwind_Context *ctx)
{
	int version = 1;
	uint64_t ex_class = ex->class;
	int actions;

	switch (state) {
	case 0:	/* _US_VIRTUAL_UNWIND_FRAME */
		actions = _UA_SEARCH_PHASE;
		break;
	case 1:	/* _US_UNWIND_FRAME_STARTING */
		actions = _UA_CLEANUP_PHASE;
		if ((ex->barrier_cache.sp == _Unwind_GetGR(ctx, 13)) != 0)
			actions |= _UA_HANDLER_FRAME;
		break;
	case 2:	/* _US_UNWIND_FRAME_RESUME */
		CONTINUE_UNWIND;
	default:
		return _URC_FAILURE;
	}

	_Unwind_SetGR(ctx, 12, (uintptr_t)ex);
#else
# ifdef HAVE_SEH_EXCEPTIONS
static
# endif
_Unwind_Reason_Code
PERSONALITY(int version, int actions, uint64_t ex_class,
    struct _Unwind_Exception *ex, struct _Unwind_Context *ctx)
{
#endif
	struct objc_exception *e = (struct objc_exception*)ex;
	bool foreign = (ex_class != objc_exception_class);
	const uint8_t *lsda_addr, *actionrecords;
	struct lsda lsda;
	uintptr_t landingpad = 0;
	uint8_t found = 0;
	intptr_t filter = 0;

	if (version != 1 || ctx == NULL)
		return _URC_FATAL_PHASE1_ERROR;

	/*
	 * We already cached everything we found in phase 1, so we only need
	 * to install the context in phase 2.
	 */
	if (actions & _UA_HANDLER_FRAME && !foreign) {
		/*
		 * For handlers, reg #0 must be the exception's object and reg
		 * #1 the filter.
		 */
		_Unwind_SetGR(ctx, __builtin_eh_return_data_regno(0),
		    (uintptr_t)e->object);
#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__ARM__)
		_Unwind_SetGR(ctx, __builtin_eh_return_data_regno(1),
		    ex->barrier_cache.bitpattern[1]);
		_Unwind_SetIP(ctx, ex->barrier_cache.bitpattern[3]);
#else
		_Unwind_SetGR(ctx, __builtin_eh_return_data_regno(1),
		    e->filter);
		_Unwind_SetIP(ctx, e->landingpad);
#endif

		_Unwind_DeleteException(ex);

		return _URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT;
	}

	/* No LSDA -> nothing to handle */
	if ((lsda_addr = _Unwind_GetLanguageSpecificData(ctx)) == NULL)
		CONTINUE_UNWIND;

	read_lsda(ctx, lsda_addr, &lsda);

	if (!find_callsite(ctx, &lsda, &landingpad, &actionrecords))
		CONTINUE_UNWIND;

	if (landingpad != 0 && actionrecords != NULL)
		found = find_actionrecord(actionrecords, &lsda, actions,
		    foreign, e, &filter);
	else if (landingpad != 0)
		found = CLEANUP_FOUND;

	if (!found)
		CONTINUE_UNWIND;

	if (actions & _UA_SEARCH_PHASE) {
		if (!(found & HANDLER_FOUND) || foreign)
			CONTINUE_UNWIND;

		/* Cache it so we don't have to search it again in phase 2 */
#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__ARM__)
		ex->barrier_cache.sp = _Unwind_GetGR(ctx, 13);
		ex->barrier_cache.bitpattern[1] = filter;
		ex->barrier_cache.bitpattern[3] = landingpad;
#else
		e->landingpad = landingpad;
		e->filter = filter;
#endif

		return _URC_HANDLER_FOUND;
	} else if (actions & _UA_CLEANUP_PHASE) {
		if (!(found & CLEANUP_FOUND))
			CONTINUE_UNWIND;

		_Unwind_SetGR(ctx, __builtin_eh_return_data_regno(0),
		    (uintptr_t)ex);
		_Unwind_SetGR(ctx, __builtin_eh_return_data_regno(1), filter);
		_Unwind_SetIP(ctx, landingpad);

		return _URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT;
	}

	abort();
}

static void
cleanup(_Unwind_Reason_Code reason, struct _Unwind_Exception *ex)
{
	free(ex);
}

void
objc_exception_throw(id object)
{
	struct objc_exception *e;

	if ((e = malloc(sizeof(*e))) == NULL)
		abort();

	memset(e, 0, sizeof(*e));
	e->exception.class = objc_exception_class;
	e->exception.cleanup = cleanup;
	e->object = object;

	if (_Unwind_RaiseException(&e->exception) == _URC_END_OF_STACK &&
	    uncaught_exception_handler != NULL)
		uncaught_exception_handler(object);

	abort();
}

objc_uncaught_exception_handler
objc_setUncaughtExceptionHandler(objc_uncaught_exception_handler handler)
{
	objc_uncaught_exception_handler old = uncaught_exception_handler;
	uncaught_exception_handler = handler;

	return old;
}

#ifdef HAVE_SEH_EXCEPTIONS
EXCEPTION_DISPOSITION
__gnu_objc_personality_seh0(PEXCEPTION_RECORD ms_exc, void *this_frame,
    PCONTEXT ms_orig_context, PDISPATCHER_CONTEXT ms_disp)
{
	return _GCC_specific_handler(ms_exc, this_frame, ms_orig_context,
	    ms_disp, PERSONALITY);
}
#endif